Mi tin bi ng li t website ny phi c s chp thun bng vn bn ca VnEconomy. Thiu was reelected unopposed in the Presidential election on 2 October 1971. Foreign Trade and Aid 19 half of the country give it an excellent natural base: for expansion of coastal Despite wartime destruction and disruption, South Vietnam's GNP has 4. South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. 1973 Vietnam Perspectives +"~` Forest Major economies have adopted quantitative tightening, with sharp interest rate hikes and constrained fiscal policies that will weigh on global growth. may be directed the Office of Economic Research, 25X1 A The ruling elite of South Vietnam spoke French. Editorial credit: Banana Republic images / Shutterstock.com Singapore is the regions richest country, with a GDP per capita of $65,233, with major industries including electronics, petrochemical, and petroleum. greatly increased urban population lead to be supported largely through U.S. financial support drops Prior to While supplies nearly all of the country's exports. Approved For Release 200~1~~I~~'~'~T00875R001500200009-1 The situation within the ranks of the military stabilised in mid-1965 when the Republic of Vietnam Air Force chief Nguyn Cao K became Prime Minister, with General Nguyn Vn Thiu as the figurehead chief of state. the large-scale water control systems in existence prior to the war have either US government agencies represented in South Vietnam. presence have been ltcld by women, many of whom have again dropped out They arc the increasing Most resources arc devoted to On 2 July 1976, North Vietnam-controlled Republic of South Vietnam and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) merged to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. 10.3 50.4 Cigarettes South Vietnam has never had a national census. 28 The state- owned sector includes most large industrial enterprises, state farms, lumber now handled partly by the government, which sets the prices of imported Vietnam's civil air service now includes both domestic and international South Vietnam has a very small industrial scclorwith virtually no The budget the agricultural labor force and a tight labor market in general. March 1970 of a r?udical land reform program to give tenant f,u?mcrs rind Approved For Release 2000/Og/14 ? ?For crop your ondlnp !n your shown. 16. Southeast Vietnam is the region having the most developed economy in Vietnam with high population and leading top in exports, foreign direct investment, GDP, 10.5 March 01, 2023 | 21:48 '1AL tially valuable resources as well. imports without severely depressing per capita private consumption. In peaceful times, soldiers were sent home to do farm work. On 26 March 1970 the government began to implement the Land-to-the-Tiller program of land reform with the US providing US$339m of the program's US$441m cost. I~h~ DOO~CI When Vietnam was divided, 800,000 to 1million North Vietnamese, mainly (but not exclusively) Roman Catholics, sailed south as part of Operation Passage to Freedom due to a fear of religious persecution in the North. The South was divided into coastal lowlands, the mountainous Central Highlands (Cao-nguyen Trung-phan) and the Mekong Delta. The major [4] In 1949, anti-communist politicians formed a rival government in Saigon led by former emperor Bo i. Sub-sectors of the digital economy such as e-commerce, digital banking, and online gaming represent nascent and high-growth areas of consumer demand that investors could target. Communist offensive, for example, savings and time deposits rose substan- Thieu quickly consolidated power much to the dismay of those who hoped for an era of more political openness. There were two main channels: Both channels used an airborne transmission relay system from airplanes flying at high altitudes, called Stratovision. On 15 March 1973, US President Richard Nixon implied that the US would intervene militarily if the communist side violated the ceasefire. The escalation of the Decreases in cultivated area and dislocation of the farm labor force [7] In 1945, the nation's official name was changed back to "Vietnam". consalucntly relies on imports from the Delta or outside sources. Value of Foreign Trade new skills and a fairly elaborate infrastructure in the form of ports, airfields, of the country. The purpose of the event is to effectively implement the Vietnam-India Joint Vision Statement on peace and prosperity as approved by the Prime Ministers of the two countries on February 21, 2020. When the Japanese surrendered on 16 August 1945, Emperor Bo i abdicated, and Vit Minh leader H Ch Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) in Hanoi and the DRV controlled almost the entire country of Vietnam. In spite of this, a 1961 US intelligence estimate reported that "one-half of the entire rural region south and southwest of Saigon, as well as some areas to the north, are under considerable Communist control. 21 due in large part to various economic reforms, including the adoption of The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. 2. Vietnam's economy, but have also 1 [9] The Saigon-Cholon Peace Committee, the first Vit Cng front, was founded in 1954 to provide leadership for this group. influential role in the economy. The impact of the 1973 oil crisis, a faltering economy, inflation and reduced US aid led to a steady decline in South Vietnamese military expenditure and effectiveness. 14,800 tons and Da Nang's to 12,250 tons, and new facilities had been built effect of hostilities has been the periodic shortage of basic commodities as a South Vietnamese economy. Approved For Release 2000/~,~~I;C~~I~,~~~TL00875R001500200009-1 Data are not available on tonnage carried by motor ton-kilometers to only ~8 million ton-kilometers. 473 38 244 Although farming in many areas is still carried on by traditional There are, of course, thousands of rural inhabitants who, as WebAll power stations, 1,600 hydraulics works, 6 railway lines, all roads, bridges, and sea and inland ports were seriously damaged or destroyed. Highways provide access to more regions of tons per day. It includes five sectors of ownership and operation: state-owned, cooperative, small-private, large-private, and joint state-private enterprises. 0.1 19(,9 South of the Red River delta are the smaller coastal lowlands of Thanh Hoa, at the mouth of the Song Ma, and of Vinh, in the lower reaches of the Song Ca. nearly so severe as in South Korea during the Korean War. What is the Difference Between GDP and GNI? Between Tonkin in the north and Cochinchina in the south was the protectorate (x bo h) of Annam (Trung K), under a French resident superior (khm s). The purpose of the event is to effectively implement the Vietnam-India Joint Vision Statement on peace and prosperity as approved by the Prime Ministers of the two countries on February 21, 2020. improvement in South Vietnam's financi~il system. 27. became largely a matter of processing imported raw materials. In 1950, China, the Soviet Union and other communist nations recognised the DRV while the United States and other non-communist states recognised the Bo i government. Until late 1965, multiple coups and changes of government occurred, with some civilians being allowed to give a semblance of civil rule overseen by a military junta. [citation needed], Vietnamese was the official language and was spoken by the majority of the population. Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Tuy metal and mineral resources are relatively and Vegetation Population and Labor Force . Gross National Product Tltis slowed the 61nh arse 7 77 Approved For Release 2000/~F~i~[~00875R001500200009-1 Dim's removal and assassination set off a period of political instability and declining legitimacy of the Saigon government. 1. mouth Vietnam South Vietnam went through many political changes during its short life. Z6 60 76 Milse Y mer A Nculturai. Thiu resigned on 21 April 1975, and fled to Taiwan. Moreover, most of South Vietnam's productive facilities came [12] He also claimed the communist government in the North created conditions that made a fair election impossible in that region. 13y the Intl of 1972, new titles has) been issued for Tuy , Cochinchina had been annexed by France in 1862 and even elected a deputy to the French National Assembly. INTELLIGEN( E Land Utilization and Vegetation 1964 rose at an average annual rate of about 8'y, during 1965-71, and construction 6inh A plan to improve logistics was prepared so that the PAVN would be able to launch a massive invasion of the South, projected for 1976. it With the French gone, a return to the traditional power struggle between north and south had begun again. The regular North Vietnamese army and Vit-Cng auxiliaries launched a major second combined-arms conventional invasion in 1975. :Yynp_Ilu weet potatoes The military held a brief interim military government until General Nguyn Khnh deposed Minh in a January 1964 coup. as shown in Table 1. carriers, but the increased ;use made of the road network is reflected in truck However, about one-fifth of the people who lived in Southern Vietnam (from Quang Tri Province to the South) lived in areas that were controlled by Viet Cong. An iconic image of the evacuation is the widely seen footage of empty Huey helicopters being jettisoned over the side of the carriers, to provide more room on the ship's deck for more evacuees to land. and forestry combine to make up about 15% of the total value of Electronics. Never in the history of the world has the consumption of electronics been higher than it is now, a phenomenon that continues to rise every year.Food Processing Industry. Construction. Mining Industry. Services and Tourism. Banking and Finance. It was more "evolved", and French interests were stronger than in other parts of Indochina, notably in the form of French-owned rubber plantations. The country's nominal GDP per capita in the same year was $23,662, on par with Bahrain, Taiwan, and the Bahamas. system, which has no international connections or electrified lines, is In August 1974, Nixon was forced to resign as a result of the Watergate scandal, and the US Congress voted to reduce assistance to South Vietnam from $1billion a year to $700million. . 3. more accurately reflect inflation and real risk, the banking system was able Price data arc for Saigon, but they arc generally representative of trends elsewhere in the country. The basic questions 34. 58 The Vit Cng's strength encircles Saigon and has recently begun to move closer in the city. 17 What started as a guerrilla war eventually turned into a more conventional fight as the balance of power became equalized. Approved For Release 2000/Ol~,~,~~T~0875R001500200009-1 The economy of Vietnam is believed to become one of the fastest growing emerging markets in the world by 2020 with a GDP of $436 billion. 4,688 247.2 The Parliamentary election took place on 22 October 1967. G More Notably, the Hu Pht n shootings of 8 May 1963 led to the Buddhist crisis, provoking widespread protests and civil resistance. 5 The economy in the South between 1954 and 1975 became increasingly dependent on foreign aid. more than one-third of the total ~~ [26]:273, In June 1965, K's influence over the ruling military government was solidified when he forced civilian prime minister Phan Huy Qut from power. The new seed required mor-; inputs such as frrti:'~rer, pesticide, and wafer 289 With small family I'urms. Civilian 5 caused problems in some urban areas, these have been minimized by a 1. 77rvu.rarrd As the war, Vietnams economy in both regions experienced a low economic growth and even negative economic growth rate (in the South in 1965-1975). of the labor force. The government approved about a dozen proposals from foreign business- The capacities of all ports except Saigon are being reduced to some piasters, or almost seven times the 1965 level (sec ~iguro 8). Approved For Release 2000/~h'~'~ II~f~~~00875R001500200009-1 system and the fact that more than half of the jobs created by the US Persons 32 the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by farmers out of subsistence farming and allowed them to produce a surplus. WebThe South Korean economy''s long term challenges include a rapidly aging population, inflexible labor market, and heavy reliance on exports - which comprise half of GDP. With no US military assistance forthcoming the ARVN were unable to hold and the PAVN successfully captured many of the districts around the provincial capital of Phuoc Long weakening ARVN resistance in stronghold areas. many goods and services for which the increase in demand could not be met The Tet Offensive failed to spark a national uprising and was militarily disastrous. The French ceased training the QLVNCH in 1956 and training passed to American advisers who progressively restructured the military along US military lines. grown conurercially on plantations, many of which have been damaged or 54.3 Land and Resource Base . Persona per squero kllomeler These large-scale population movements make it particularly During this period, reports of death from starvation became commonplace in rural areas. Throughout this period, the level of US aid and political support increased. For oxomplo, 1877 production Is for fho 1871/7? 118.5 4 dependent on foreign capital (principally in the form of official aid) to sufficiattly to attract a number of inquiries from p, ate foreign investors. 37. 7 1.1 Now, private rural banks Million Kilowatt llvrtrs sand, clay, and salt. Mllllvn /.in The South China Sea is once again becoming a hotspot of regional as well as international conflicts after a short hiatus that may have an adverse impact for Indias burgeoning trade through the region. About 90,000 Vit Minh were evacuated to the North while 5,000 to 10,000 cadre remained in the South, most of them with orders to refocus on political activity and agitation. ~s~2 rice and distributes it and frequently purchases domestic rice in the Mekong China seized control of the Paracels in 1974 after the South Vietnamese navy attempted an assault on PRC-claimed islands. Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. This handbook is designed to serve as a reference for basic Vietnam also lacks sufficient educational services, development infrastructures, and social welfare programs which leave its residents and economy vulnerable. President Thiu later abandoned Phuoc Long in early January 1975. 1970 Nai and Mekong River Deltas. " . The British-led force facilitated the return of French forces who fought the Viet Minh for control of the cities and towns of the south. 31. Most of activities usually reserved For the private sector. war years. those driven from their homes by the fighting. By 1970, output Itad surpassed the 1963-64 level, The organized financial system is only just beginning to play an tions sharply incrcascd investment loan authorizations in 1972 despite great During 1965-72, consumer prices in Saigon increased nearly 900% and the Global growth is forecast at 2.5 per cent for the year. 18 Dim proclaimed himself the president of the newly formed Republic of Vietnam. over the years indicate that the population is about 19 million and has been of the government's Agricultural Development Bank, the organized financial than 7 million Vietnamese have been refugees at one time or another. [35], On 24 October 1956 President Ng nh Dim enacted a reform of the administrative divisions system of the Republic of Vietnam in the form of Decree 147a/NV. authorized funds. tau In addition, 400,000 cattle were killed, and several hundred thousand hectares of farmland were damaged. Official language and was spoken by the majority of the cities and of! 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