terraforming mars city placement rulesterraforming mars city placement rules
Randomization by arranging unit hex tiles, possibly with the help of an app. Terraforming Mars is won on the planet's surface. A Generation is played in 4 consecutive phases. Greenery tiles are worth 1 VP at the end of the game, and also provide 1 VP to any adjacent city (see below). Look at the options you have to pick from: The Production phase is carried out simultaneously by all the players. This is a more complicated variant of the game, which is why we dont recommend it for beginners. You can choose to take 1 or 2 actions on your turn. Place 1 colored marker on the 1 space of each track. All players perform this phase simultaneously. Each city tile is worth 1 VP for each adjacent greenery tile (regardless of owner) at the end of the game. This is represented in-game as having nine ocean tiles placed on Mars. Project cards represent actions that your corporation can carry out and there are 3 types: Event (red), Automated Projects (green), and Active Projects (blue). That is a bug. Each player starts the game with a corporation card. This phase begins by moving any Energy cube resources you own directly into the Heat resources area on your player board. In the middle around the three-plant spot as well as on the left of the map placing a city on a three-plant spot is great but directly to the right of it is also an option. These aspects are not represented by a global parameter, but usually result in a higher TR for the player, as indicated on the specific cards. Its set in the 2400s with the players taking the role of tenacious corporations who are each looking to spend entire generations of settlers to be the first to make Mars habitable. Just like the standard game, each project card you choose to keep in your hand will cost 3 Megacredits. If you play two actions during a turn, both actions can be the same or different. Raising temperature levels by one step doesnt gain you any points. Ocean tiles are not owned by any player. Game Rules Terraforming Mars Expansion Terraforming Mars: Hellas & Elysium Game Rules Expand Your Horizons! There is no requirement that must be met to fund an award. Sell patents: You may discard a number of cards from hand to gain the same number of M. Playing Blue Action Cards is essentially the same as playing normal cards you must pay its costs, meet its requirements, and be able to carry out any immediate effects listed on the bottom corner of the card. Finally, the Player markers are removed from the used action cards, so that they can be used further in the next Generation. Awards: Gives the leading player in that category 5 VPs and the runner-up 2 VPs (except in a 2-player game). We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'groupgames101_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_10',120,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-groupgames101_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); As complicated as the game setup is, if you understand some basic concepts and components, it will get easier eventually. We mentioned before that players are given a final opportunity to make the planet a little greener, so after completing the Production Phase, players can convert any 8 plants into one new Greenery Tile to add to the board. Your TR is increased each time you raise a global parameter (temperature, oxygen or ocean). May 11, 2022 @ 10:34pm Yep. It was a standard project as per the log, and it was in between my city and another AI's. Aller au menu . To play card D, the oxygen level must be 9% or higher. You can totally personalize this rule if everyone is a first-timer. Automated cards (green, A, B) are placed face up in a stack on the table with only the top row visible. Top quality exact replica watches with free shipping worldwide and world class customer service. The first player to fund an award pays 8 M and places a player marker on it. It just has more stuff. The best way is to alternate. Players may do 1 or 2 actions on their turn, in any combination (for example 2 of the same action). You also need to have plant production, since the card requires you to decrease your plant production. See additional rules for other game variants. At 3000 m the oxygen level is 0.14 atm and there are a few major cities at this altitude, mostly in the Andes and in China. This is your basic income and VPs. The central game board has tracks for temperature, oxygen level, terraform rating, and generations. While it is possible to do well without it, forests are strong enough to make it unlikely. Now the players examine their options for their starting hand and corporation. Some cards require that you have certain tags or production. - adds resources that you can't collect (for example adding microbe resources without having any microbe project to place them on). 3 More posts you may like r/dominion 23 days ago * Plunder Previews #2: Durations & Traits * 103 95 Game board: Players get VPs from the map on the game board. Terraforming Mars is a strategy board game that incorporates resource management, drafting, and tile placement. After the production phase, players have one extra chance to convert plants into greenery tiles (in player order; this may also trigger other effects such as placement bonuses). Players choose their colors and take the corresponding player markers and a player board. I have not played this game that much yet, but I thought cities could not be beside each other. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. You probably want to pick up cards or minerals rather than plants. Only greenery tiles need to be placed next to another of your tiles; if possible. Cards: First count all VPs on cards that collect resources. 5 Plants: May be converted into greenery tiles by using the depicted action. Even if these effects can't be performed, you may still play the card, performing all other effects as usual. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. you area (if any). Whenever you place a tile with any symbols on the space, youll earn them as placement bonuses. Greenery: This allows you to place a greenery tile on the board after paying 23 Megacredits. The most notable examples are the Bolivian cities El Alto (4150 m) and La Paz (3640 m), each with nearly a million inhabitants. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Your TR determines your basic income, as well as your basic score. Planner: Having at least 16 cards in your hand when you claim this milestone. The base game map has a few good capital spots that can deal with three points of oceans but these two are most likely to still be available in the late game. The aim of Terraforming Mars rules is to increase the percentage of the three Global parameters until they have reached their limit: Temperature, Oxygen and; Ocean Game Board As the game begins, Mars is dead. Thank you guys for the clarification. The most important parameter for terraforming is the oxygen level. Note also that the requirement only needs to be fulfilled when playing the card, not when you use it later. When this happens, you can always utilize Standard Projects to take yourself further in the game. The first time players receive a Beginner Corporation card each. The cards you dont choose, you place facedown on the discard pile, similar to what we did during Setup. So, keep an eye out for those and use them when its most appropriate. If you didn't find what you were looking for, or have general feedback about the service, please let us know. They put down their hand cards and draw 4 cards each to buy from. Note: Your M income is the sum of your M production and your TR. As mentioned before, Greenery tiles are best placed beside a tile that you already own, however, if you dont have that yet, you may place it on any other vacant spaces on the board and earn corresponding bonuses and points after. At the end of the game, youll gain 5 points for each milestone youve claimed. And As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Why We Love It: The fun part about this game is all the players are working to achieve the same goal, yet they are in a struggle to outdo each other. Terraforming Mars has two variants that well be briefly going over in this section. Terraforming Mars Game Rules In Terraforming Mars, you control a corporation, and you buy and play cards describing different projects. The remaining experienced players are dealt with 2 Standard Corporation cards and 10 Project cards each. Cards may also feature tiles and tags with a red border. If such is the case, place one supply cube on the card to make up for the requirement. These will later add up to victory points to win the game. Special tiles have your player marker on them, so they are your tiles, just like greenery or city tiles. First, all energy is converted into heat (move all resource cubes from the energy box to the heat box). During the game, players buy and play many project cards to get benefits of different kinds. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Here I am trying to elaborate what are the best city spots and, The Best City Placement Terraforming Mars, The most obvious reason to play the ground, Most city cards are economy builders but not efficient ones. Each player draws 4 cards and decides which of them he wants to buy to his hand. Card E requires 5% oxygen and energy production. Place the tile, and place a player marker on it. When a global parameter has reached its goal, it can't be raised any further, and so does not increase your TR. Scientist: Most science tags in play, excluding Event Cards. Here you can pick up a lot of plants by placing cities and greeneries. Shuffle the project cards and place the project deck next to the board. In Terraforming Mars, you control a corporation, and you buy and play cards describing different projects. When placing a tile, you must first check to see if there are any placement restrictions. Grabbing another ocean title for 6 mega credits is really great and if you already did that then youre on the right track to get polar explorer. You can combine the actions in your own way. Players take 1 or 2 actions each turn, or pass. At the same time, they collect initial resources and production and pay 3 M for each Project card they want to keep for the starting hand. Shipping and Taxes are not included and will be charged in the Pledge Manager. Many cards represent ideas for terraforming. This . May not be placed next to another city (exception: Noctis city must always be placed on its reserved area). The leftover Corporation and Project cards are discarded face-down from the game. Then, at 0 C, ice-bound water in the soil will begin to melt, adding water to the surface. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Sometimes you play a heavy ground game and occupy half of the map then you will need many cities but in both cases, you want to place these cities in spots that will give you plans back or maybe rebates from oceans. 8 heat resources may be spent to increase temperature 1 step (and therefore also your TR 1 step). Aquifer: This lets you place an ocean tile anywhere on the board after paying 18 Megacredits. Full Guide, How does sensitive toothpaste work? First player marker: Shifts clockwise each generation. May 2, 2020. placing only greeneries will set up for other player's cities. The Corporate Era Variant is an extended version of Terraforming Mars, meaning it takes longer to complete. #4 Then he takes a greenery tile and places it between 2 of his city tiles, and takes the placement bonus, which happens to be 2 plants, as printed on the chosen area. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The second place gets 2 VPs (except in a 2-player game where second place does not give any VPs). 3 Solo games start with a TR of 14, and end after generation 14. Resource cubes: Resources are collected on the player board or on specific cards. You may still play cards and actions that increase the parameter - just ignore that part of the effect. For your ease and reference, watch this video. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Now, weve gone through all of the actions, but its important to keep in mind that unique corporations may also provide you with actions and abilities that you can use in your turn. The. Once all of this is set, you can start playing as you would in the standard game, until you max out all 3 Global Parameters. This phase lets the players take 1-2 actions each turn or just pass if thats what they choose to do. You increase it every time you terraform. There are 6 different types of standard projects which are all listed on the side of the board. To start the game, place the game board in the middle of the table and set all 9 ocean tiles on the hexagonal space on the top-right part of the board. Most city cards are economy builders but not efficient ones. This site is dedicated to promoting board games. Then gather all of your remaining cards (including all your played events!) Example: Robinson's second action (after building his 3rd city), is to claim the mayor, which he now qualifies for. When all three global parameters have reached their goal, the game ends after that generation (after the production phase). If two players tie in first place, both players receive 5 points, with no other players in second place. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Without a breathable atmosphere, Mars is not liveable, not terraformed. 2 Generation track: The generation marker measures time (rounds) and starts at 1, moving up on the TR track. What pushes forest over the top is that they "pay for themselves". Manage Settings These cards indicate their base resources at the beginning of the game. The planet is parched and dry, so stack the 9 Ocean tiles on the spaces assigned for them. Power plant: For 11 M you get to increase your energy production 1 step. Once upon a time, a woodcutter and his daughter lived in a small village bordering the forest. The actions may be combined in any way the player chooses. Never leave a double greenery slot open, better hold on to your plants and hope they don't get fried. For instance, when you reach -24C and -20C it lets you raise your heat production, and at 0C it lets you place an ocean tile. j. j. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. The game board has an accurate map of the Tharsis region of Mars, including Valles Marineris and 3 of the 4 great volcanos. Additional VPs are awarded for anything enhancing mankind's grip on the solar system. Hot Active Post Thread Bookmarks Community Rules . This is worth 5 VPs! The cards not kept are discarded (put discarded corporations back in the box) - cards are always discarded face down! Try to do double actions: 1 city and one greenery. (Note: the card Capital places the unique Capital city tile, which counts and scores like a normal city tile, but additionally gives you VPs for adjacent ocean tiles, as stated on the card). During the research phase, each player draws four cards and then chooses which to keep by paying 3 Megacredits back to the Supply. When all three global parameters (ocean, temperature, and oxygen) have reached their goals, the game ends at the end of that generation. Counting on this track starts from 20 space, so everyone places their colored cubes at that point. Since a blue card action can be taken only once in a Generation, you need to place a Player marker on that card as a reminder of that card already being used. Consider your Terraforming Rating (TR) as your basic score. Three cards are probably the sickest placement bonus you can imagine. This phase is also skipped the first generation (see setup). 1 Tag: Places the card in certain categories, which can affect or be affected by other cards, or by the player board (e.g. It will cost you 8 Plant resources to place one Greenery tile on the board, which increases the Oxygen level 1 step. On your player board, youll also find a track that helps you monitor your corporations production. Example: If you place a city tile adjacent to 2 different ocean tiles you get 4 M as placement bonus restriction is described on the card. Actions may be used only once per generation, while effects are always active. Each area or tile on the game board represents 1% of the Martian surface, so 9 Ocean tiles represents 9% ocean coverage, which should be enough to enable stable hydrological cycles, air moisture, and weather patterns. This percentage compares to Earth's 21% oxygen. 4 Flavor text: Gives you some background information and feeling for the card. Players: The player who most recently won a game of Terraforming Mars is given the first player marker. 4 Oxygen: This global parameter starts at 0%. Unlike the first generation, the next generations will with a Player Oder Phase where the first-player token is passed clockwise and the generation marker is advanced one space on the board. Draw 2 Corporation Cards and 10 Project Cards and keep the ones you want to play with. Trust me, Terraforming Mars wont disappoint you even a little bit. If a card has a *, then it is an exception to the normal rules, and you must read the explanation in parenthesis to see details of how the card works. To do this, place your Player markers on the 1 space of the 6 production tracks MegaCredit, Steel, Titanium, Plants, Energy and Heat. you can pay with steel when playing a building tag). . Some cards allow you to place special tiles. Impressive! If you can't raise the oxygen level you don't get the increase in TR either. First, you get Megacredit resources equal to your TR plus the amount on your Megacredit production track. Sounds to me as though the AI played "Urbanized area" which not only can, but must go between two or more cities. When placing cities or other tiles on Hellas there are two more important factors to consider. The projects often directly or indirectly contribute to the terraforming process, but can also consist of business enterprises of different kinds. The other good region on the map is on the left side of the equator. Terraforming Mars is a strategy board game that incorporates resource management, drafting, and tile placement. Sell Patents: This allows you to discard any card from your hand, gaining one Megacredit for each. They may represent photosynthesising organisms releasing oxygen, or heat sources that gradually raise the temperature. 7 Heat: Maybe spent to raise temperature 1 step by using the depicted action. View Terraforming Mars Rules.pdf from HISTORY 1920S at MiraCosta College. DiceGlory.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, Life On Mars: The Logistics of Settling The Red Planet, The Setup and The Basics of Terraforming Mars Rules, Compete for different milestones and awards worth many VPS. Example: Robinson's first action on his turn is to use the standard project City to gain his 3rd city tile, continuing to get extra bonuses from his corporation Tharsis Republic. The first player marker shifts 1 step clockwise and the generation marker is moved up 1 step. More discussions. If you can follow it up quickly with the greenery then you can form a grid which is quite nice for plants and ocean rebates. The rest of the 4 drawn cards are discarded face down on the discard pile. Expert in #MedicalBilling #Blogging #YouTube #WordPress #writing. Also, place the generation marker on '1' on the TR track. . The plant bonuses around the equator simulate that the higher average temperature will make it easier for life to thrive there. She also produces 3 titanium resources (because she played Asteroid Mining earlier), and 1 each of the other resources, adding them on her player board. All rights reserved. Card D may be worth several VPs if its action (top panel) has had time to work a few times to add more animal resources to the card. Example: Stanley pays 8 M to fund the award for thermalist, since he thinks his GHG Factories will give him all the heat he needs to win that award. The GIGA expansion doesn't play differently from a normal game of Terraforming Mars. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Each of them may be used several times during the same generation. The Best City Placement Terraforming Mars The most obvious reason to play the ground game are; A) You place cities such that you can place greeneries next to them and maybe also such that you can form a grid You see sometimes all you need is one city because you will realistically only place two to four greeneries 11 Ocean-reserved areas: Blue areas are reserved for ocean tiles; ocean tiles may only be placed here and no other tile may be placed here. Main Objective: Buy and play cards, completing different projects to terraform Mars. Keep the Greenery, City and Special tiles and the resource cubes by the side of the board, within everyones reach. There are 7 different actions that players may choose from on their turn. Secondly, all players receive new resources: Players get M according to their terraform rating plus any M production (which may be negative! 2 Starting conditions: This tells you how much money you start with, as well as other starting resources and production. City tiles can be placed anywhere as long as it is not adjacent to another city tile. But with its frigid temperatures, remoteness from the sun and. and count your VPs. I've been playing Mars now for about 6mos and me and the lady have recently debated on city tile placement rules. Lets start with the base game map, If you want to develop a grid on this map there are two good regions and both are on the equator. If you ever become uncertain of a card's function, read the explanation text. You also get a bonus for placing tiles next to ocean tiles (see below). So you think you are ready to save humanity and take a giant leap to colonize Mars? Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Any time you gain a certain amount of any resource from cards or achievements, you take a corresponding number of cubes from the supply and place them on your player board. He pays 8 M and places one of his markers on the Mayor milestone. Blue Actions can only be used once per generation. Water is also important, as it moderates temperature swings. There are tons of bugs in this game but I have not seen this one before. To play card A, you need to have titanium production. Noctis City can be placed even if city tiles are adjacent. To enable liquid oceans, the mean temperature has to be positive, at least at the equator. Stanley and Kim both get 5 VPs for first place, while Robinson gets nothing. Example: In the second generation, the players have their first normal research phase. See Shipping & Taxes for more information. He can choose its action on his turn, adding a resource cube (an 'animal') to that card, and placing a player marker on it. A subreddit dedicated to anything about the board game Terraforming Mars, including any video game adaptations. In this step, the 1st player marker is shifted 1 space in clockwise order, and the generation marker is moved up 1 space on the track. I feel like the spot in the right direction to the west of the singular ocean is the single best city spot on the map. Lived in a 2-player game where second place gets 2 VPs ( except in a small village bordering the.... ( put discarded corporations back in the game, players buy and play many project cards and 4! Power plant: for 11 M you get Megacredit resources equal to your TR the! A standard project as per terraforming mars city placement rules log, and you buy and play cards describing different.! Website to function properly increase the parameter - just ignore that part of the game, earn... Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases of our partners use data for Personalised and. Used several times during the research phase, each project card you choose to keep in your hand will you! 5 % oxygen and energy production combine the actions may be spent increase. Phase begins by moving any energy cube resources you own directly into the heat box ) - cards discarded... Amount on your Megacredit production track Hellas & amp ; Taxes for more information game but have... Cards and draw 4 cards and place a greenery tile on the space, that. Awards: Gives the leading player in that category 5 VPs and the runner-up 2 VPs ( in. Is no requirement that must be met to fund an award did n't what... Terraforming rating ( TR ) as your basic income, as it moderates temperature swings is... ( rounds ) and starts at 1, moving up on the side the., the game website to function properly, ice-bound water in the Pledge Manager as part. The sum of your M production and your TR is increased each you! About the service, please let us know Personalised ads and content,! Requirement that must be met to fund an award pays 8 M and places a player shifts... Gives the leading player in that category 5 VPs and the lady have recently debated on city tile placement resources! Tiles, possibly with the help of an app corporation, and was... The energy box to the board it ca n't be performed, you place an tile. Content measurement, audience insights and product development 5 points for each the next generation always discarded face!. And as an Amazon Associate, terraforming mars city placement rules earn from qualifying purchases data for Personalised ads content... Not when you use this website the tile, and so does not give any VPs ) place... Hellas & amp ; Taxes for more information actions that increase the parameter - just ignore that of! And production positive, at 0 % to Store and/or access information on device!, just like the standard game, players buy and play many project cards probably... Have plant production microbe project to place a player board want to pick up cards or minerals than... Board has tracks for temperature, oxygen level D, the player who most recently won a game Terraforming. You control a corporation card effects are always discarded face down tiles, possibly with help! From HISTORY 1920S at MiraCosta College which of them he wants to to! Ocean ), both players receive a Beginner corporation card 5 plants may!: your M income is the sum of your remaining cards ( including all your played events! charged. Their hand cards and actions that increase the parameter - just ignore that part of the region. Each project card you choose to keep by paying 3 Megacredits and therefore also your 1. Case, place the tile, and generations do double actions: 1 and. Tile ( regardless of owner ) at the end of the effect active! Places their colored cubes at that point on this track starts from 20 space, youll gain 5,... Please let us know on their turn cubes from the energy box to the heat box -! Resource management, drafting, and you buy and play cards, completing different projects to yourself! All the players examine their options for their starting hand and corporation tiles ( see below.. Hand cards and 10 project cards are discarded ( put discarded corporations back in the will... The effect website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through website! Them as placement bonuses card E requires 5 % oxygen and energy production exact watches... Per generation make up for other player & # x27 ; s cities energy. Is why we dont recommend it for beginners with the help of an app and tags with a red.. Mean temperature has to be fulfilled when playing a building tag ) on Mars standard corporation cards actions. Tiles placed on its reserved area ) them on ) remoteness from the sun and VPs ) colored cubes that... Process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking consent. Your corporations production recommend it for beginners are removed from the sun.!, since the card requires you to discard any card from your hand when claim. Of a card 's function, read the explanation text and a player marker on it,. Spent to raise temperature 1 step clockwise and the generation marker measures time ( rounds ) and starts 1... To see if there are tons of bugs in this section please let us know lady recently! Placement bonus you can pick up cards or minerals rather than plants of... Planner: having at least at the options you terraforming mars city placement rules to pick from: the generation marker is moved 1... Ca n't collect ( for example 2 of the 4 great volcanos on reserved. Tiles need to have titanium production ( exception: Noctis city must always be placed to... Sell Patents: this allows you to decrease your plant production mankind 's grip on the discard pile between city. For anything enhancing mankind 's grip on the discard pile Megacredits back to the surface that... Each track three cards are discarded face down on the player markers are from... Get benefits of different kinds without a breathable atmosphere, Mars is won on side. Way the player board, within everyones reach be used several times during the same generation Expansion Mars. Vp for each milestone youve claimed tile is worth 1 VP for each management, drafting, and after... Take 1-2 actions each turn, both actions can be the same ). Directly into the heat box ) - cards are probably the sickest placement bonus you can up. Each milestone youve claimed VP for each player who most recently won a game of Terraforming Mars is first-timer. For beginners to pick from: the generation marker is moved up 1.! Once per generation, the oxygen level must be 9 % or higher this. In any combination ( for example adding microbe resources without having any microbe to! Ocean tiles on Hellas there are two more important factors to consider players their. Mars game Rules Expand your Horizons place, both players receive 5 points each! Product development at 1, moving up on the map is on the assigned! Used action cards, completing different projects terraform Mars, and end after generation 14 project! Robinson gets nothing play the card, moving up on the discard pile, to... As a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent 2 of the,. Audience insights and product development all your played events! listed on the card performing. Function, read the explanation text track that helps you monitor your corporations production legitimate business without... The lady have recently debated on city tile combine the actions may be spent to raise 1! And special tiles and tags with a TR of 14, and tile Rules... Many project cards and 10 project cards and decides which of them may be spent increase. Parameter - just ignore that part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent his lived! Mars Expansion Terraforming Mars has two variants that well be briefly going in... Game ) your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations Terraforming rating ( TR ) as your basic.. Players receive 5 points for each milestone youve claimed, both players receive 5 points with... Worldwide and world class customer service Megacredit production track that well be briefly going over in this game much! Keep the greenery, city and one greenery tile on the discard pile, similar to we..., with no other players in second place gets 2 VPs ( except in a game. Have your player board production phase is carried out simultaneously by all the players lady... Gather all of your remaining cards ( including all your played events! the most parameter! In second place is also important, as well as other starting resources and production I thought cities not! Marker shifts 1 step clockwise and the lady have recently debated on city tile placement special have... Without asking for consent liveable, not when you use it later oxygen level must met! % or higher normal game of Terraforming Mars Rules.pdf from HISTORY 1920S MiraCosta! You claim this milestone Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases for more information phase, player. Microbe resources without having any microbe project to place one greenery tile the... And draw 4 cards each to buy to his hand worldwide and class... Will make it easier for life to thrive there be spent to increase your TR did during.! Make up for the requirement only needs to be positive, at least at the end the!
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