In a recent overview of the NigerCongo family, Dogon is treated as an independent branch.[3]. In general, Dogon kinship terminology is characterized by a classificatory system of "vocatives," terms of reference based on politeness and respective age of the interlocutor, and a descriptive system expressed by "determinatives," by means of which a third person is apprised of the relationship that exists between the speaker and the individual addressed. The Niger River is nearby and in the sandstone rock, a rivulet runs at the foot of the cliff at the lowest point of the area during the wet season. The key spiritual figures in the religion were the Nummo/Nommo twins. It is obvious to any astronomer that some of the brightest objects in the night sky are the planets. Dogons originated for the first time from the West bank of Niger around 1490 All of the men in his age-set live together in a due until they marry and have children. Other specialists are the healers or herbalists (dyodyonune ), who treat the sick, and sorcerers (dyonune ), who cast spells. Griaule describes it in this passage: Most of the conversations with Ogotemmli had indeed turned largely on twins and on the need for duality and the doubling of individual lives. Dogon art revolves around religious values, ideals, and freedoms (Laude, 19). Marriage. ETHNONYMS: Dogom, Dogono, Habbe, Hambbe, Makbe, Tombo, Tommo, Toro, Identification. After being chosen, a hogon must pass through several months without washing or shaving. Dogon religion and Dogon philosophy both expressed a haunting sense of the original loss of twin-ness. Paulme, Denise (1940). One example: 'If a Sirius-C is ever discovered and found to be a red dwarf, I will conclude that the Dogon information has been fully validated. A few villages also keep bees. Pern, Stephen (1982). Other authors have argued that previous 20th-century European visitors to the Dogon are a far more plausible source of such information and dispute whether Griaule's account accurately describes Dogon myths at all. Although the Dogon have been more successful in retaining their traditional beliefs and practices than some other African peoples, they have not been immune to change. 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Domestic Unit. It is generally accepted that the Dogon language belongs to the NigerCongo language family, though the evidence is weak. Work activities are clearly differentiated. He is responsible for the creation of three other subordinate beings, the worship of which is the basis of several totemic cults. [50] An independent assessment is given by Andrew Apter of the University of California. Influence from Tellem art is evident in Dogon art because of its rectilinear designs (Laude, 24). Kin Groups and Descent. Formally, wives join their husband's household only after the birth of their first child. This announces the entrance of persons wearing the masks used in this ceremony, while the deceased's entrance to his home in the family compound is decorated with ritual elements (Davis, 7273). However, the date of retrieval is often important. After his election, he has to follow a six-month initiation period, during which he is not allowed to shave or wash. ETHNONYMS: 'kKxou and related words; Mizo (same as Lushai), Zo, Zomi. [20] The religion embraced many aspects of nature which are found in other traditional African religions. The dominant form of vegetation on both plain and plateau is the sparse but regular forest of tall trees, which at close range gives the appearance of an immense orchard. Striking totem sanctuaries, typically overseen by the Hogon, play an important part in the life of the people in the escarpment, but theyre also much in demand by collectors as the Dogon are famous for their sculptures of stylized representations of human or mythical figures. [citation needed] After a couple has had children together, divorce is a rare and serious matter, and it requires the participation of the whole village. The dama consists of an event, known as the Halic, that is held immediately after the death of a person and lasts for one day (Davis, 68). Articulo-Journal of Urban Research, (4), Available at: https://journals.openedition.org/articulo/417, My name is Edward Whelan and I graduated with a PhD in history in 2008. Nearby is a cave where music instruments are stored. Sometime in the 14 th century, the Dogon people arrived in the area and drove the Tellem from the escarpment, although it is also possible that the latter were assimilated as within the abandoned Tellem villages, the influence of this culture on the Dogon is apparent. The newly circumcised youths, now considered young men, walk around naked for a month after the procedure so that their achievement in age can be admired by the tribe. Morton, Robert (ed.) As sacred leader of the Lebe cult he oversees the important planting and Are the Misty Peaks of the Azores Remnants of the Legendary Atlantis? Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. After initiation, the Hogon wears a red fez. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. In a polygynous marriage, the wives reside in separate houses within the husband's compound. [12] Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. [5], The hogon may conduct rituals in the Sanctuaire de Binou, a special building the door of which is blocked with rocks. Orientation WebDogon or Tellem peoples (?) Dogon society is organized by a patrilineal kinship system. [33], The Dogon are among several African ethnic groups that practice female genital mutilation, including a type I circumcision, meaning that the clitoris is removed.[34]. [57] A more recent study using advanced infrared imaging concluded that the probability of the existence of a triple star system for Sirius is "now low" but could not be ruled out because the region within 5 AU of Sirius A had not been covered.[58]. Members of these castes are physically separate from the rest of the village and live either at the village edge or outside of it entirely. During this time, new masks are carved and dedicated to their ancestors. Linguistic Affiliation. This led Mr. Temple to establish the theory that, according to Nommos, extraterrestrial inhabitants of Sirius travelled towards the earth at some point in the distant past, and one crossed to teach the old civilizations (the Egyptians and the Dogons) their Masks used during the yincomoli ceremony include the Yana Gulay, Satimbe, Sirige, and Kanaga. Marriage into the occupational castessuch as that of blacksmithsis strongly prohibited. WebThe Hogan is treated much like a deity, the one of creation in this instance, and is free from having companionship but may have maids accompany him. & E.I.K. Durieux-Boon (2004). [43] Sirius, in the Dogon system, formed one of the foci for the orbit of a tiny star, the companionate Digitaria star. Funerals for women, who are generally excluded from awa membership, are simple, with little if any ceremony. Davis, Shawn R. Dogon Funerals in African Art; Summer 2002, Vol. Omissions? The concept of death and rebirth is also contained within Dogon mythology. He is in effect a priest (hogon ), who exercises ceremonial functions on behalf of the lineage, and, in conjunction with a council of elders, judicial functions as well. Some tenets of Islam have been accepted, others rejected; in many cases, the new elements are blended with those of the traditional religion. The wet season begins in June and continues through October, with cool and hot dry seasons the remainder of the year. The smallest country of mainland Africa, this small nation can seem quite unremarkable at first glance, being confined only to the length of the Gambia River and Shambhala, which is a Sanskrit word meaning place of peace or place of silence, is a mythical paradise spoken of in ancient texts, including the Kalachakra Tantra and the ancient scriptures of the Zhang Zhung culture which predated Tibetan Buddhism in western Tibet. Unlike norms for the rest of society, parallel-cousin marriage is allowed within castes. [15] These jihadic expeditions formed themselves to force the Dogon to abandon their traditional religious beliefs for Islam. It was held once every sixty years and allegedly celebrated the white dwarf star, Sirius B. [2] They speak the Dogon languages, which are considered to constitute an independent branch of the NigerCongo language family, meaning that they are not closely related to any other languages. . The first occurs immediately after the death of a person, and the second can occur years after the death. Expert Answer Introduction. There are also areas of natural wonders, as well as regions of geological, archaeological, or historical significance. In this ceremony, offerings of millet from the hogon's fields, in conjunction with sacrifices by the Binu priest (binukedine ) on the Lebe altar of the ancestors, impart to the seed the spiritual essence or nyama that will contribute toward the community's assurance of an abundant harvest. Conflict. Each isolated village or district (canton) in the region has a headman or chief (hogon) who has both religious and judicial responsibilities. I View the full answer Previous question Next question I have written a book and several peer reviewed journal articles. Associated with regeneration The Dogon are a group of about 250,000 people who live primarily in the districts of Bandiagara and Douentza in the western African nation of Mali. They are Nommo, the "son of Amma," generally considered a water spirit; Lebe, the incarnation of the earth and its fertilizing properties; and Yurugu, the mythical representative of fallen man. In the past the Dogon were considered a warlike people; they often fought with other Dogon districts as well as with their non-Dogon neighbors such as the Fulani. All agree, however, that they learned about the star from Griaule. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. I have lived nearby and visited Dogon country. Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie. Public opinion is a great regulator of social behavior in Dogon society, not so much for its threats of punishment through shame, but by its withdrawal of satisfaction and love from its erring members. ETHNONYM: Panjabi Dogon society is composed of several different sects: Villages are built along escarpments and near a source of water. In the political aspect, the Hogon does many things such as being the Chief judge in criminal cases such theft and homicide. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. Identification. Universit de Paris, Travaux et Mmoires de l'Institut d'Ethnologie, 33. A new 'sigi' is started every 60 years. [12], It is often difficult to distinguish between pre-Muslim practices and later practices. WebDiscuss why you would or would not like to be selected as the Hogan within the Dogon culture. This group tends to be localized and constitutes the basic economic unit. Grain is stored in granaries. "hogon | African religious leader | Britannica", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hogon&oldid=1122616271, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 18 November 2022, at 14:57. On the other hand, private property goes first to the eldest son (who must provide for his siblings), then the younger brother. The Dogon dialects are highly distinct from one another and many varieties are not mutually intelligible, actually amounting to some 12 dialects and 50 sub-dialects. This leads linguists to conclude that Dogon is likely to have diverged from NigerCongo very early.[when?] Also effective as means of inducing conformity are ridicule and threats of supernatural sanction. The souls of the just reach paradise, Ardyenne, or the house of god (Amma ginu ), where they live an existence analogous to that which they lived on earth. Retours au 'pays du reel'", Genevive Calame-Griaule: "On the Dogon Restudied". 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