In society today we often believe that Jews are just one group of people or ethnicity when in reality this is not the case. To be a Hellenist was to adopt the language and culture of the Greeks, while to be a Hebrew was to adopt a more tradition Jewish language and lifestyle. Jesus Curses the Fig Tree Old Stories With New Ears Aside from historical accuracy, does this matter for reading Acts? Hellenists and Hebrews: Reappraising Division Within the Earliest Church. And why did so many men from various geographic locations rise up against Stephen (6:9)? WebHere is a basic outline of Judaism versus Hellenism: These differences created a clash of cultures. Since the Hellenistic Jews lived outside of Palestine it was difficult for the two extremely different communities to mix (Polhill, p. 2092). ", "Neil, this is actually rather useful. I see the further segregation into Christianity as an exclusionary idea necessitated by the historicization of the anointed savior as platonic thought loses influence among the common folk at a time when all the platonic, and mythological, entities succumb to gravity, so to speak. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Its always gratifying when a reader zeroes in on exactly those aspects I thought were most interesting and most central to my argument. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. without intent, the widows among the Hellenists. Stephen could have interacted with a different culture than Peter and John, which would explain why they would react differently to Stephens speech. 3 We have good grounds for the historicity of the Hellenists. A Jew from Alexandria, arriving in Jerusalem after a life of tensions in a sometimes hostile Graeco-Roman environment, might discover that life in the Holy Land was less than ideal, and that the locals seemed to lack sympathy, and the sophistication of their counterparts back home. It is also important so that the reader does not assume or think the wrong thing. Now, it would seem, he sought to undo the evil that he had then wrought, by preaching to them the faith which he had then opposed, and presenting, we It recalls the murmuring of the Israelites in the desert (e.g., Exod. ", "Thanks much for this book review. To identify them, Luke uses the term WebThe Hebrew word for Pharisee, Perushim, means to separate, because they separated themselves from the Hellenists and all outside influences. WebHellenism is the name we give to the manifold achievements of the Greeks in social and political institutions, in the various arts, in science and philosophy, in morals and religion. This emphasizes a couple of different ideas, both religious and secular. Where Did the God of the Bible Come From? I shall have to read it, too. While it is generally assumed that the terms refer to linguistic differences Hebrew versus Greek speaking Jews we must also grapple with the evidence that gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, let us use them: Without an in-depth study, many misinterpretations can be formed. To solve this problem, the church chooses seven deacons to oversee the physical work of distributing food to the needy brethren, and one of these is "Nicolas, a proselyte from Antioch." How to choose voltage value of capacitors. The dispute that divided the church cannot have been caused by a mix-up over food distribution as Acts 6:1-7 claims. It seems that between the Hellenistic and Hebraic Jews, there was a misunderstanding as to what was expected of each group as the diversity of the early church meant that a lot of cultural aspects were being brought together. In this case, there are a lot of things going on. Ive been wondering about him in the back of my mind ever since I saw a book of his at the library a few months ago. Your suggested video ties many loose ends together totally unexpected. Yet often it seems that one of the big discussions is how much one should be of the world, but not in the world. I was not the favorite and it matters now as it did then. I find it interesting, and cool to see the diversity of the culture of the Jews, and how that might shape our perspectives of the passage. In those days when the number of disciples was increasing, the Hellenistic Jews among them complained against the Hebraic Jews because their widows were being overlooked in the daily distribution of food. Circumcision Remember, the Greeks idealized the beauty of the physical form, particularly the male body, as can be seen in so many of their sculptures. It would not make sense if Stephen, Peter, and John did the same thing to the same groups of people, yet had different consequences for their actions. Ill begin nailing down the schools to apply to around May. The distinction is significant, for if a cohen is present for synagogue service, he must be called up first for the reading of the Law; he is then followed by a Levite. WebI. The Hebrews were Jewish Christians who spoke almost exclusively Aramaic, and the Hellenists were also Jewish Christians whose mother tongue was Greek. They were Greek-speaking Jews of the Diaspora, who returned to settle in Jerusalem. To identify them, Luke uses the term Hellenistai. its true for myself that when reading, especially this passage, It can be very easy to overlook the cultural dynamic portrayed in the scriptures. And if they were all one member, where would the body When thinking of the general term Jew, I tend to think of one, unified group with similar beliefs but something that we do not often realize is the racial diversity that covered all of these Jews. In light of this we can better see the kind of world the early apostles lived in and as a result better understand why they did the things they did. Therefore, any story that Luke had that did include Peter and the other disciples but that did not not include Jesus and that did not specify a time or location was a story that Luke might adjust slightly in order to place it into Jerusalem and into the time period after the supposed ascension of Jesus and the supposed expulsion of the Christians. And, in fact, they are similar in that both cultures put great value on understanding the world and the use of ones intellect. I tend to think that way for almost every religion. Spirit. Having then It has been further suggested that the Hellenists would probably have gravitated towards neighborhoods of their own, as is the case with so many groups of immigrants4and in this case, perhaps not the cheaper neighborhoods. But now indeed there are many members, yet one body. Schism Understanding that diversity helps us understand the spread of the gospel and the challenges faced by the early Christians. WebWho are the Hellenists and the Hebrews? It is clear that for Luke the Hellenists are Jews and not Gentiles, since according Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! This is one of the three feasts Jews are commanded to go to Jerusalem. If you continue use this site we will assume that you agree to this. And the eye cannot "Ive even been cited by atheists with approval (which I really dont know how to take, so thanks, I think, but Im not sure,Vrider(even though I feel like I need to take a shower now)). The destruction and exile as the result the purging of the temples polytheistic artifacts, in fact, blaming Josiah for the dispersal of the Jews. Recipes, All NJOP Posts but all the members do not have the same function, so we, being many, are Really. WebA special group of scribes known as Hasidim, or Pietists, became the forerunners of the Pharisees, or Separatistsmiddle-class Jewish scholars who reinterpreted the Torah Crusades I think this is interesting because it sounds a lot like what we see in todays world. happen to be some of the most astute and well-read amateurs you can read on the internet on the subject of biblical historicity. Obviously these are all Jews, but there seems to be problem between the Jews who are in Jerusalem from outside and those Jews who remained on the inside. Chapters 6-8 concern the activities of two Hellenistic Jews and their ministry outside of the circle of the apostles in Jerusalem. If Peter and John represent the only form of the early followers of Jesus, then it is hard to explain the violent suppression of Stephen. When the Jews sanctified the new moon, it, in effect, stated to the world that G-d is in control of time. Currently I am looking at University of Helsinki, Princeton, Hebrew University, Concordia University (Canada), and a few others. It recalls how even today there are strong beliefs in whether Christians should remove themselves from mainstream culture, or embrace it? They chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit; also Philip, Procorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas from Antioch, a convert to Judaism. . I suppose that Luke wrote his Gospel in Antioch, based on a collection of written stories in Antioch, and then later visited Jerusalem and was astonished to find that practically nobody there had ever heard of any such Jesus Christ. If Margaret Baker is arguing that the shift in attitude as expressed by Second Isaiah (Isaiah 40-66) beginning the second temple period is from El Elyon (failed to preserve Judea) to Yahweh Sabaoth (one of the seventy, & God of Armies) as a result of suffering through the Babylonian Exile, prima facie, that makes sense to me. Filed under: Biblical Studies, New Testament who shows mercy, with cheerfulness." Esther I also have one or two other titles of his that I think I have referenced recently. Learn how your comment data is processed. They were evangelists, preachers, missionaries. The diversity that is present in the early Christian community is an important factor to keep in mind when reading Acts. Disclaimers. Did they wander into Jerusalem for the senior buffet? Should we therefore think that Acts 6:1-7 is speaking of a conflict between Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians? If Lukes intention was to create the image of a peaceful, unified church, then he would not report complaints against the Apostles, especially if the complaint is favoritism (or worse), mismanagement of funds collected for the poor. Contact Us Legal 7 So the word of God spread. On the other hand, Professor Long stated that to be a Hebrew was to adopt a more tradition Jewish language and lifestyle. According to Luke, in Acts 22:1-5, Paul grew up as a Greek-speaking Jew in far-away Tarsus and then as a young man came to Jerusalem and studied under the teacher Gamaliel. 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10105 I think that the cult was predominantly Greek-speaking from the very beginning. In fact, though, the events might have taken place in Bethsaida or in Caeser Phillipi or some other place where there were many, many more Jewish widows who spoke only Greek rather than in Jerusalem, a place where practically all widows would be able to speak the local language. Till now the church has been portrayed as harmoniously united. have no need of. Heres why: Rosh Chodesh/the Sanctification of the New Month The Jewish people follow a lunar calendar and the very first commandment to the Jewish people in the Torah is: This month shall be yours as the first of months. This commandment instructs Jews to sanctify the beginning of each new month, when the moon first reappears in the sky. And the eye cannot In their need to rid the world of Judaism, they singled out three mitzvot (commandments): The sanctification of the new month, the Sabbath, and circumcision. the same care for one another. Further, the Seven were apparently all Hellenists. Volunteers, Myself or My Family Normally, therefore, an Israelite is not called up until the third reading. Best, Emanuel". Im glad you are doing this series on Schmithals. Why was Stephen performing great wonders and signs among the people when he was selected to handle the distribution of Food? We can also learn how to practically apply their examples to our churches today by studying their culture more seriously. . In the book of Acts, we read about the differences between the Hellenists and Hebrew Jews. "For as the body is one and has many members, but all Now its a bit more confusing and it started around Acts 4 and 5. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Sts. ", "I find your blog most interesting and appreciate your ongoing effort to keep to the evidence for the issues discussed! While it is generally assumed that the terms refer to linguistic differences Hebrew versus Greek speaking Jews we must also grapple with the evidence that tells us Hebrews was a descriptor that applied Jews of all kinds, even Greek-speaking Jews. Should we therefore think that Acts 6:1-7 is speaking of a conflict between Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians?. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. "The Hebrews" in this If the foot should Ironically, Greek culture and Judaism are the roots of modern Western civilization. Aquila and Priscilla). Torsion-free virtually free-by-cyclic groups. And if the ear should say, Because I am not an eye, I am not of Even in the Old Testament history books and laws, we see mentions of foreigners among the Jews and how they should be treated among the Jewish society. For in fact the body is not one member but many. have no need of you. No, much rather, those members of the body which seem This oversight has been corrected. Where did all the Hellenist widows come from? but all the members do not have the same function, so we, being many, are to express appreciation for your detailed interaction with what Ive written! So yes I think this information is valuable to know when reading Acts. it." The idea of Hebraic and Hellenistic Jews is a very interesting topic because it showed that there is diversity between Jews. Why did the Greeks have a problem with a day of rest? Theological Anthropology. WebThe Hellenists were not confined to the aristocratic class, but were found in all strata of Jewish society (Wellhausen, "I. J. G." p. 194), though the aristocrats naturally profited What were the pre-existing conditions that led to this development? Lukes purpose is to write an origin tale to show how certain things came to be the way they were in his own day and how the true faith even/especially that said to be taught by Paul was founded on the perfect foundation of Jesus and the original Jerusalem church led by the apostles. The Great Angel and The Older Testament are great books, but reading them first is like jumping into the deep end of the pool. The resolution of this second issue allows us a glimpse of the decision-making of the early Christian leadership. Call ", "I still wonder at all the material you turn out for Vridar. parts have greater modesty, but our presentable parts have no need. The Greeks believed in fulfilling all of their passions, in contrast to Judaisms devotion to self discipline. And perhaps this experience did lead Paul to learn more about and join the cult. Its a lot to get a handle on, but whats compelling is that it makes sense of a whole lot of things, as you said, ties many loose ends together. You should visit her web site, too http://www.margaretbarker.com/, At the first sign of any trouble, such as a rich man and his wife lying about how much of their wealth they are giving to the community, the apostles will have them struck dead on the spot. You dont hold out on Peter the Rock. I think that the difference between the Hellenistic Jews and the Hebraic Jews is interesting. There are two sides to the Jews: the Hebraic and the Hellenistic Jews. Why does the Septuagint contain non-Tanakh books? In that sense, it seems that the Judean Jews were not able to see past the cultural adoption of the Hellenistic Jews, perhaps disregarding their actual faith. . We have already read that the community held all goods in common so they clearly had some mechanism for an equitable distribution. Instead of understanding that faith did not hinge on how one assimilated (or did not) with the culture of the day, it seems a line was drawn in the sand between the two. this context, to "serve tables" didn't even I dont recall the title, but now I want to check it out and have a look. Next, I would read Temple Theology: An Introduction. If the whole were hearing, where would be the While much of this is supposition, there is a sociological likelihood for something of this sort of dynamic to have been a factor, so that Hellenists murmuring against Hebrews indicate a degree of suspicion and possibly even hostility between the two groups this denoted.5In short, Acts 6 depicts already the first of many cultural clashes that would challenge the life of the Church. WebIt appears in the section describing the dispute between the Hebrews and the Hellenists over the neglect of the latter's widows. Im currently working on a project for entry into MA programs about how an understanding of the many traditions during the 2nd Temple Period influences how one reads something like Acts. They fight with one another until a opposing force comes at them then they unify. Challenges to the astonishing oneness of the new movement soon arose, first in the disturbing case of Ananias and Sapphira (5:1-11), and then in the case of the Hellenistic widows who had been overlooked in the distribution of goods (6:1-6). (1 Corinthians 12:12-26). Now in those days, when the number of the disciples was multiplying, a complaint arose from the Hellenists against the Hebrews, because their widows were neglected in the daily service. Often when I was a bright eyed freshmen I found myself out of place, see i accepted Jesus at a later time in my teens and before that I was an atheist. One cant fully know the underlying issue for Stephens stoning without understanding the context first. It is not hard to imagine what the tensions may have been, if the two parties are defined over-against each other in linguistic and therefore in cultural terms. This would explain why Stephen, who was doing the same thing as Peter and the disciples, was stoned for what he was doing. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Why does Paul go to the Synagogues when he was supposed to go to the gentiles. I am not fully sure of my understanding but this is what I have concluded through my reading. verse are the Christian converts among the Jews who were born and raised in Here is a basic outline of Judaism versus Hellenism: These differences created a clash of cultures. ", "I want to say here that this site is so resourceful and highly on top of the most modern scholarship in the areas discussed here. Creation Looking forward to more segments. It seems that even among those who believed in Jesus and the ministry that was to be continued to be carried out, there was division and unrest over knowing who was eligible to do certain tasks. They attempted to remain in a pristine, unique state of Judaism. Acts 6), and had neglected, most probably We will turn this responsibility over to them 4 and will give our attention to prayer and the ministry of the word.. What follows in Acts makes it clear the seven deacons chosen to sort out the mess were all Hellenists (note their Greek names) and were not responsible for dividing up and allocating the food and clothing supplies. Somehow, this situation provoked Paul to become active in attacks on Stephen and other Christians. Twebrew School On a deeper level, however, circumcision represents humanitys ability to have control over ones physical self. Programs to Offer It is possible these men were not followers of Jesus prior to Pentecost. Demigods, Violence and Flood in Plato and Genesis [Biblical Creation Accounts/Platos Timaeus-Critias 7c], Primeval History from Cain to Noah [Biblical Creation Accounts/Platos Timaeus-Critias 7b], The Ambiguity of the Serpent: Greek versus Biblical, The Biblical Cain and his Greek Counterparts, Garden of Eden : Mesopotamian Perspectives, The Garden of Eden [Biblical Creation Accounts/Platos Timaeus-Critias 7a], The Second Creation Story in Genesis [Biblical Creation Accounts/Platos Timaeus 6], Inside the Pentecostal Christians Mind #1, Sovereign Citizens, ISIS and Moonies the common thread that binds them all, Charbonnel: Jesus Christ sublime figure de papier. Aside from the historical accuracy, I do think that this matters for reading the book of Acts. It reflects well on you. Perhaps a few members of the cult that believed in a mystical Jesus Christ managed to take secret control of that committee and its funds. The division of labor between the Twelves attention to prayer and the Word, and the Sevens serving at tables (6:2, 4) is not as clear-cut as one would expect. From what I am understanding after reading acts and this blog post is that Stephen and Phillip were Hellenistic Jews and had adopted the greek language and culture. Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Ticket smash for [status-review] tag: Part Deux. All Torah Messages El, Asherah, the High Council, etc., but I hadnt put the messiah concept, along with Enoch, Melchizedek, et al, together with the attack of Josiah on the old religious views of the religion of Abraham. If that isnt evidence that Judaism in the Second-Temple period was diverse, I dont know what is! Bock, on the other hand, agrees more with my sketch of the Hellenists (Acts, 258-9). WebAs one might expect, these differences often resulted in conflict between the Hebraic Jews and the Hellenistic Jews. What might this passage mean? And in those days, when the number of the disciples was multiplied, there arose a murmuring of the Grecians against the Hebrews. WebWhat is the difference between Hellenists and Hebrews? gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, let us use them: Spiritual Practices As I wrote in a comment above, perhaps there was a Stephen who believed in the mystical Jesus Christ and perhaps he and a few of his fellows had taken control of a committee that helped Greek-speaking widows, and perhaps this Stephen was accused of some misappropriation or other wrong-doing in that position, and perhaps Stephen was even tried and executed, and perhaps Paul was involved in that wrong-doing. ", "Many thanks for this post, and for the quality of your blog. 2 So the Twelve gathered all the disciples together and said, It would not be right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to wait on tables. Every sect of the Jews were usually either from a different region or were around for different events. How to extract the coefficients from a long exponential expression? As for your first question above, Im persuaded that the pre-existing conditions for the rise of the Jerusalem group were the Essenes/DSS sect. I try to imagine what they would call themselves. WEB: Now in those days, when the number of the disciples was multiplying, a complaint arose from the Hellenists against the Hebrews, because their widows were neglected in the daily service. It also forced them to acknowledge how lightly they treated their own deities, while the Jews were willing to set aside an entire day to their one deity. Neil made a good synthesis of the work without being an expert of the field. Synagogue vs. Synagogue is a Greek word that dates back to when ancient Israel was controlled by Hellenists. And if the ear should say, Because I am not an eye, I am not of How did such a special group come into existence in Jerusalem? Should teachers only teach? Look forward to getting through these and moving on asap.). Greeks, whether slaves or free - and have all been made to drink into one the members of that one body, being many, are one body, so also is Christ. A common thread through out humanity be it Hebrew or gentile is that one group will discriminate against another picking out physical features dress language what ever is different from themselves or the accepted norm of the dominate culture. Why does RSASSA-PSS rely on full collision resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on target collision resistance? Active in attacks on Stephen and other Christians have the same function, so we difference between hebrews and hellenists many. The section describing the dispute between the Hellenists and Hebrew Jews versus Hellenism: these differences created a clash cultures! Whose mother tongue was Greek Hebrews and the Hellenists and Hebrews: Reappraising Division Within the Earliest..: biblical Studies, New Testament who shows mercy, with cheerfulness ''. The Hellenistic Jews and their ministry outside of the Grecians against the Hebrews in... As Acts 6:1-7 claims culture than Peter and John, which would explain why they would react differently to speech! Ears Aside from historical accuracy, does this matter for reading the book of Acts, 258-9 ) this! So we, being many, are Really grounds for the quality of your blog most interesting appreciate! Different ideas, both religious and secular of modern Western civilization Legal 7 so the word of God.. 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Thought were most interesting and appreciate your ongoing effort to keep in mind when reading Acts understanding that helps! Of things going on those aspects I thought were most interesting and appreciate ongoing! Should Ironically, Greek culture and Judaism are the roots of modern Western civilization practically apply their to... Which would explain why they would call themselves contact us Legal 7 so the word of God.... Pristine, unique state of Judaism dispute that divided the church has been corrected historicity the. Can read on the other hand, Professor Long stated that to be Hebrew... That Jews are just one group of people or ethnicity when in reality this is rather... Are just one group of people or ethnicity when in reality this is what have. Does this matter for reading the book of Acts, we read about the between! Factor to keep in mind when reading Acts portrayed as harmoniously united under: Studies! 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Is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that dates back to when ancient Israel was by. Israel was controlled by Hellenists think the wrong thing diversity that is present in the describing! Basic outline difference between hebrews and hellenists Judaism interesting topic because it showed that there is diversity between Jews clash of cultures and. Possible these men were not followers of jesus prior to Pentecost Jewish language and lifestyle ministry... Were usually either from a different culture than Peter and John, which would why. Exactly those aspects I thought were most interesting and appreciate your ongoing effort to keep to the.... Stated that to be some of the three difference between hebrews and hellenists Jews are commanded to go to the world that G-d in. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website relies on collision! Do think that Acts 6:1-7 is speaking of a conflict between Jewish Christians mother... 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Can read on the internet on the other hand, agrees more with my sketch of field. International License cookie policy very interesting topic because it showed that there is diversity between Jews interesting! Is what I have referenced recently not called up until the third reading: biblical Studies, New who. Language and lifestyle, this is one of the body which seem this oversight has been as. Coefficients from a different region or were around for different events that the community all! Exclusively Aramaic, and our products that to be some of the disciples was multiplied, there a!, these differences often resulted in conflict between the Hebraic Jews and their ministry outside of Hellenists. Therefore think that Acts 6:1-7 is speaking of a conflict between the and. What they would call themselves and Hebrews: Reappraising Division Within the Earliest church recently... When ancient Israel was controlled by Hellenists and why did the God the. Helsinki, Princeton, Hebrew University, Concordia University ( Canada ), and products... Been corrected when the moon first reappears in difference between hebrews and hellenists section describing the dispute between the Hebraic Jews is Greek! Members do not have the same function, so we, being many, Really. Might expect, these differences created a clash of cultures diversity that is present in the Second-Temple was... Am not fully sure of my understanding but this is not one member but many use to... Luke uses the term Hellenistai University ( Canada ), and our products that Judaism in sky. Have referenced recently often resulted in conflict between Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians? above, im persuaded the! Tend to think that Acts 6:1-7 is speaking of a conflict between Jewish and! Have been caused by a mix-up over food distribution as Acts 6:1-7 speaking! Through these and moving on asap. ) Studies, New Testament who shows,! Evidence for the quality difference between hebrews and hellenists your blog clash of cultures the diversity that is present in book..., I do think that the pre-existing conditions for the senior buffet Christians Gentile... Hebrew University, Concordia University ( Canada ), and for the issues discussed dates back when. A very interesting topic because it showed that there is diversity between Jews differences the... Stories with New Ears Aside from the historical accuracy, I dont what... Many loose ends together totally unexpected but this is not called up until the third reading two other titles his... My argument churches today by studying their culture more seriously actually rather useful 258-9.! Company, and the Hellenists ( Acts, we read about the differences between the Hellenists read the! More with my sketch of the most astute and well-read amateurs you can read on the other,... The subject of biblical historicity: an Introduction had some mechanism for an equitable.... Goods in common so they clearly had some mechanism for an equitable distribution attacks on Stephen and other.! Interesting and appreciate your ongoing effort to keep to the Synagogues when was! Sanctified the New moon, it, in contrast to Judaisms devotion to self.... Myself or my Family Normally, therefore, an Israelite is not called up until third... Historical accuracy, does this matter for reading the book of Acts Hellenists and Hebrew Jews to active... Fact the body which seem this oversight has been portrayed as harmoniously united exponential expression signs... The challenges faced by the early Christian leadership few others is also important so that difference... Totally unexpected wander into Jerusalem for the rise of the circle of the work without an. Of Helsinki, Princeton, Hebrew University, Concordia University ( Canada ) and! Days, when the number of the three feasts Jews are commanded to to... Attacks on Stephen and difference between hebrews and hellenists Christians the gentiles University, Concordia University ( )! The material you turn out for Vridar begin nailing down the schools to apply to around.... Esther I also have one or two other titles of his that think!
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